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Banking AI agent · Payment disputes

Payment-Dispute & Claim-Evidence AI Agent

Classify a disputed transaction, separate a scheme chargeback from a statutory error claim, assemble the evidence each route needs and track the clocks — the decision and the credit stay with a dispute analyst.

4–6 weeksTypical delivery
Your stackDeployment
Dispute analystClaim outcome
Agent CareAfter launch

What this agent does

Evidences the claim, never decides it

In
01

Take the claim as the customer put it, with the channel it arrived on and the hour the notice landed.

02

Pull the authorisation record, the payment message, the account history and any earlier claim on that merchant.

Reason
03

Separate a payment the customer never made from one they were deceived into sending — the rules differ.

04

Work out which routes are open — the scheme reason codes and their windows, and the statutory claim beside them.

05

Retrieve the evidence each route asks for, name what is still missing, and record the deadline that now applies.

Decide
06

Flag the claims whose clock is nearest, whose route is arguable, or whose allegation does not match the record.

07

Route the credit, the outcome and anything said to the customer to the named person who owns it.

Out
08

Hand over the case — the route proposed, the evidence attached and what is missing — for an analyst to decide.

09

Retain the claim as described, the classification, the evidence, the deadlines and the analyst's correction.

Product statement

The agent classifies, evidences and tracks. Deciding a claim, issuing or reversing provisional credit, closing an investigation and what the customer is told stay with named bank staff.

Example workflow

One disputed payment, end to end

AgentHuman
1Claim receivedA call, a message, an in-app report or a branch note, logged with the hour the notice arrived
2Allegation classifiedA transfer the customer did not make, an order that never arrived, or a payment they were deceived into sending
3Routes and clocks establishedWhich scheme reason codes fit and the window each carries, and the statutory clock that runs whatever the scheme allows
4Evidence assembledAuthorisation and device records, the merchant's terms and refund history, and what the customer still has to supply
No human action required

Stages 1 to 4 run before an analyst opens the claim — classification, routes, clocks and evidence finish first. Nothing in that stretch credits an account, denies a claim or tells a customer an outcome.

5DecisionSplits on classification confidence and what the clock leaves
Route clear, evidence complete

Reaches the analyst ready to be decided.

Allegation arguable or evidence thin

Reaches the analyst early, with the clock shown.

Dispute analyst

Reads the claim as described, the route proposed, the evidence gathered and the deadline, then decides the claim and owns the credit and the explanation.

Proceed · Correct · Request evidence
Analyst decided — handed back
6Analyst decides, agent recordsOnly what a named person authorised — the credit, the filing and the wording — written where access and policy allow
7Outcome evaluatedRoute accuracy, deadlines met, credit given on time, disputes lost on evidence and claims that came back
Re-routed claims

A claim an analyst moves to the other route counts as a failure.

What should not run autonomously

Human approval stays in control

Outside the boundary — human approval required8 items
Deciding a claim for or against the customer.
Issuing, withholding or reversing provisional credit.
Closing an investigation or denying a claim.
Telling a customer the outcome or the reason.
Automation boundaryAgent acts unaided
Classify what the customer is alleging, in the words they used.
Establish which routes are open and what clock each runs.
Assemble the evidence each route asks for and name what is missing.
Track the deadlines and show what is left of them.
Write actions run only inside the approval boundaries agreed during implementation. Provisional credit is not among them.
Raising, withdrawing or conceding a scheme dispute.
Debiting an account to recover a credit already given.
Deciding a customer was grossly negligent.
Changing reason-code rules, clock rules or thresholds.

Example output

One disputed transaction, annotated

Everything the agent proposes is attached to the claim and the transaction it came from.

Dispute case · single claimIllustrative example
Claim as described
Notice received
Channel
Route proposed
Confidence
Nearest deadline
Ordered, paid, never delivered
Day 1, by phone
Online
13.1, and an error claim
86%
Statutory, running
As receivedThe claim in the customer's own words and the hour the notice arrived — nothing on this side is inferred.
Evidence used Merchant delivery terms No delivery confirmation Earlier refund attempt
Why two routes, not oneA long scheme window does not lengthen the statutory clock — both run at once.
ActionProceedCorrectRequest evidence
What the score decidesHow early an analyst sees it, not how it ends — a person decides the claim on either path.

Value

Where AI adds value

The same four claims, placed at the point in the workflow where each one applies.

Where the value landsValue 01 – 04
Every claim raisedCard, transfer, direct debit and app
03Routing & clocks

Read the rules that actually bind

Set the claim against the scheme's reason codes and the window each carries, the statutory clock that runs beside them, and your own dispute policy.

01Approved path

Start the clock when it starts

A claim is logged as a notice on whichever channel it arrives on, at the hour it arrives, so the investigation window is not spent finding it.

02Human review

Hand the analyst the evidence

The authorisation record, the merchant's terms and the customer's own account of it arrive together, so the claim is not decided from a form alone.

04Build an evidence trail

Retain the claim as described, the route proposed, the evidence gathered, the deadlines, the analyst's decision and what the customer was told — on both paths.

Integrations

Typical integrations

Five system groups connect to the same agent. Which of them are in scope is decided in discovery.

Dispute & case managementQuavo · Pegasystems · Ethoca
Chargeback tools · case management
Card schemes & processorsVisa Resolve Online · Mastercom · TSYS
FIS · scheme rule sets
Core & payment railsFiserv · Jack Henry
Temenos · ACH and faster-payment records

Agent

Payment disputes & claim evidence

Classifies the claim
Assembles the evidence
Tracks the clock

Customer contact & recordCRM · call and chat transcripts
Complaint logs · correspondence
Observability & evaluationOpenTelemetry · Langfuse
Supported monitoring/evaluation sources

Integration availability depends on the client's existing systems and API access.

Agent controls

Six layers between a claim and a credit

Each control wraps the one inside it. A claim clears every layer before it reaches an analyst, and issuing or reversing credit sits outside all six.

L6 · Outermost — last line of defenceInward → L1 · closest to the model
L6Rollback / safe modeReturn claims to unaided analysts if evaluations or production signals degrade.Roll back
L5TraceabilityRecord the claim, the route, the evidence, the deadline and the decision.Record
L4Credit gateNo credit, denial or explanation to a customer without a named analyst.Gate
L3Clock guardrailsDeadlines run from the recorded notice hour; a near one ranks first.Escalate
L2Route separationScheme and statutory routes are opened separately, on their own clocks.Split
L1Allegation splitWho sent the payment is asked separately, and a weak split is held.Separate
Model coreCase proposed — the allegation classified, the routes open, the evidence and the clock
L1 – L2Decide what kind of claim this is
L3Runs each clock from the recorded hour
L4 – L5Keep credit with a person, on the record
L6Pulls automation back when signals degrade

How Nestack evaluates it

Evaluate what the clock required — not only what the case concluded.

Coverage runs the whole depth of the workflow, and every layer is cut by slice.

Surface — the case the dispute analyst opens
Depth of coverage ▼
E1Classification evaluationWas the allegation read as the customer actually made it?
E2Route evaluationWere the scheme right and the statutory claim kept apart?
E3Step-level evaluationDid it read the right transaction, authorisation and account?
E4Clock evaluationWas every deadline counted from the hour notice arrived?
E5Slice evaluationHow does performance change across specific claim cohorts?
E6Business outcomeCredit on time, disputes lost on evidence, and claims re-opened.
Floor — credit given on time, and a claim decided on evidence

Failure modes

Where each failure originates in the agent

Seven failure modes plotted against the five stages of the agent lifecycle.

Agent lifecycleDirection of processing →
01 · Claim intake2 modes
DS-01

Notice logged, clock not started

An oral claim is filed as a query, and day one is gone.

DS-02

Case waits on the customer

A form is asked for and the investigation stops until it comes.

Stage gathersThe claim, the channel and the hour it arrived
02 · Classification1 mode
DS-03

Scam read as unauthorised use

A payment the customer sent is coded as one they never made.

Stage readsThe allegation made, and the routes it opens
03 · Routes & clocks2 modes
DS-04

Scheme window taken as the claim

The chargeback expires, and the statutory duty is treated as expired too.

DS-05

Wrong reason code raised

The dispute is invalid on the scheme's own rules and comes back.

Stage calculatesThe reason codes in play and the deadline each has
04 · Evidence / write1 mode
DS-06

Merchant's record taken as proof

The bank's own account history never reaches the case.

Stage assemblesThe case an analyst decides, with nothing credited
05 · Change / Version1 mode
DS-07

Threshold moved, claims sat longer

A rule change delays when a claim reaches an analyst, unmeasured.

Stage tracksModel, prompt, scheme-rule and clock-rule changes
Sev-1 · a customer waits past a deadline Sev-2 · the claim takes the wrong route Sev-3 · the analyst gets a thin case

Affected slices

The claim the card rules were never written for

A duplicate charge is close to mechanical — the record settles it. What goes wrong is the payment the customer was deceived into sending and the claim raised past day 60. Nestack reports by slice, not only in total.

Slice performance — reported separately, not only in aggregateIllustrative example
SliceFailure rateLift Lift vs. thresholdStatus
Deception-induced payment claims4.7%3.2× Review
Not-as-described merchant claims3.3%2.3× Review
Late-notice and 60-day claims2.6%1.8× Watch
Duplicate and double-billed charges1.3%0.9× Normal
Bar: mis-routed-claim lift vs. duplicate-charge baseline · scale 0–4.0× · tick marks the 2.0× review threshold 2 of 4 slices over threshold

Evidence-linked improvement

Losing a dispute and breaching a clock are different failures

One is a scheme outcome you can argue about. The other is already a finding by the time anyone opens the file.

Improvement cycle · five stagesSwitchback — the path turns at Improve and returns at Learn
01Detect

Deadline breaches, late credit or re-routed claims move in one claim type.

02Diagnose

Traced to the intake channel, the allegation read, the route chosen or the date the clock was counted from.

03Improve

The classification rule, the route map or the clock calculation is re-approved by compliance and version-linked.

04Verify

Replayed over closed claims, including the ones a customer took to a complaint or an ombudsman.

05Learn

The claim sent down the wrong route is kept with the wording that sent it, and the clock tests are re-run.

Learn → DetectThe return edge. Clocks do not restart for a fix, so every change is tested against claims already in flight before it goes near a live one.

Typical build scope

Twelve workstreams across six weeks

The build scope read against the delivery timeline. Week structure follows the six-week plan — discovery, claim intake, classification and clocks, evaluation, the analyst queue, then production validation and handover.

Workstream Week 1Week 2Week 3Week 4Week 5Week 6
01Claim-intake discovery and boundary definition.
02Dispute-system and core-system assessment.
03Claim taxonomy and allegation classification.
04Scheme reason-code and evidence map.
05Statutory clock rules and notice-date capture.
06Authorisation and account evidence retrieval.
07Provisional-credit routing and approval controls.
08Customer-wording and disclosure controls.
09Deadline, duplicate-claim and re-open guards.
10Slice evaluation suite and regression cases.
11Case-management and letter integration.
12Observability, deployment and Agent Care handover.
12 workstreams · 6 weeks · bar shows the weeks a workstream is active — several run in parallel Final scope and sequence confirmed in discovery

Engagement tiers

What each tier includes

Rows are the capabilities named in each tier's scope. Higher tiers include everything below them.

Capability✓ in scope · — not at this tier PilotOne claim type, one channel ProductionProduction dispute integration AdvancedMulti-entity / multi-scheme
Introduced at Pilot
Claim classified and routed as described
Statutory clocks tracked from notice
Evidence assembled for each route
Named-analyst gate on credit and outcome
Audit trail of claims, routes and clocks
Baseline evaluation
Introduced at Production
Additional claim types and channels
Case-management and letter integration
Observability and evaluation
Introduced at Advanced
Multi-entity and multi-scheme coverage
High volume and round-the-clock cover
Build price From $5,000 From $8,000 Custom quote
Final build priceConfirmed after discovery based on the claim types and channels in scope, dispute-system and core integrations, scheme coverage, claim volume, approval controls and deployment requirements.
Separate from buildBuild pricing is separate from recurring Agent Care, which covers managed monitoring, evaluations, incidents and verified improvements after launch.

What we need from you

What you bring, and what we build with it

Each input maps to a piece of build scope and a week in the delivery timeline.

You bringWe build with it
01The claims you get today, on every channel they arrive on Claim-intake discovery and automation-boundary definitionWeek 1
02Your dispute policy, and how a claim is logged as one Claim taxonomy, allegation classification and notice captureWeek 1
03Access to the dispute system, core and scheme tooling Dispute-system and core assessment, then integrationWeek 2
04The reason codes you use and the evidence each one needs Scheme reason-code and evidence map, then retrievalWeek 2
05Who may credit an account, and what may be said to a customer Provisional-credit routing and customer-wording controlsWeek 3
06The claims you lost, and the ones you credited late Evaluation suite, slices and regression casesWeek 4
07Named dispute analysts and a compliance reviewer Handover and credit routing, then supervised claimsWeeks 5–6
Nothing else is required Deployment, documentation and Agent Care handover are ours.

Delivery timeline

Four phases across six weeks

Phases are drawn over the weeks they actually occupy. Week 5 works claims you have already closed, so no live customer waits on the agent's clock.

Phase W1W2W3W4W5W6
Discovery W1
Build W2 – W3
Evaluate W4 – W5
Pilot & Launch W5 – W6
Week focus W1The claims in scope, the channels they arrive on and who decides W2Dispute-system and core access, and the reason-code map W3Allegation classification, route separation and clock rules W4Credit routing, customer wording and the evaluation suite W5Claims replayed against ones you closed last year, nothing credited W6Analysts work live claims under review, then handover
Reading the bandWeek 4 finishes the clock rules and the credit routing; week 5 is the first week a claim depends on them. That overlap is the point of the plan, not slack in it.
At the end of W6A claim has been classified, evidenced and decided under supervision on each route, and every deadline in that window has been measured, then Agent Care takes over monitoring.
DurationSix-week plan shown · typical delivery 4–6 weeks depending on scope confirmed in discovery.

Next step · Banking AI agent

Build a dispute agent around the clocks you already answer for.

Show us a month of claims, the route each one took and how provisional credit gets approved today. We'll re-work that month twice — once against the hour each statutory clock actually started, and once against the route each claim's own facts supported.

Nestack Agents · Payment disputes & claim evidenceAGT-BK-04 · Agent Care available after launch